Fiona: I would like to live in Iceland or Scandinavia, Paul.

Paul: Interesting. Why would you like to live in that sort of climate?

Fiona: Uhm, the snow is just so beautiful and my image of those countries is that their infrastructure is sufficient enough to keep you warm when you’re inside. The snow is amazing, It quietens everything. I think it’s glorious. I used to ski when I was younger. How about you, Paul?

Paul: Well, I, I love snow too, but I don’t like it when it gets so slushy and sloppy, you know, and your feet are freezing. I prefer, I don’t know, maybe the climate of like Southern Italy, kind of Mediterranean climate, which I think would be really quite pleasant. You know? Not too hot, by the sea, although yeah, in summer, it does get hot. But I don’t think it’s the humidity.

Fiona: Right, I was just thinking about that. What kind of heat is it? Is it a dry heat?

Paul: I think it is a drier heat. Yeah, the heat we obviously get here is unbearable at times, right?

Fiona: Yeah, it’s really bad. Yeah. What’s the highest temperature? What’s the range of temperature in Southern Italy, what kind of climate, do you know?

Paul: Not sure, I guess maybe at this time of year, it starts getting up towards 20 degrees Celsius.

Fiona: That’s nice.

Paul: And then I think it does in, you know, places like Sicily, and I think the winters are probably quite mild, unless you’re from the North of Italy of course, near the mountains.

Fiona: Yeah.

Paul: Down in the south it remains kind of pretty mild, you know. Fiona: Aha, if it’s in the Med... It’s my images of that. I’ve never been to Italy so I don’t know. I’ve been to the South of France and it got really hot. That was a nice temperature. It was dry, and the nighttime wasn’t too hot either, it was really nice during the day. That was a nice climate, I think.

Paul: So, being fair-skinned, do you burn easily in the sun?

Fiona: I do! I get really, really freckly, just turn into one big freckle. I have to be careful not to get burned, yeah. I’m careful with my sun lotion. How about you?

Paul: Yeah, I’m not a sunbather. I can’t think of anything more boring to be quite honest with you. I may not get it lying on the beach — you’ve got the sand, you’ve got the surf. I’d rather be more active, doing some sort of swimming, some sort of activity...

Fiona: I really enjoy swimming in the ocean. If I go to the beach, I don’t sunbathe at all. I sit in the shade until I just want to swim in the ocean: go snorkeling, see something. That’s a lot more fun.

Paul: Mmmm, yeah, see something, explore a bit. Yeah, yeah. I mean, the sea creatures are actually fascinating really.

Fiona: I couldn’t do that in Scandinavia, I don’t think.

Nate: Hi, Sarah! I’ve actually been into Pilates for quite some time now. It’s been incredibly beneficial for my strength, flexibility, and overall fitness. What makes you think yoga is a better option?

Sarah: Well, yoga focuses on the development of the body, mind, and spirit. It’s not just about physical fitness, but also about achieving inner peace, balance, and self-awareness. It helps me improve flexibility, build strength, and find calmness through meditation and breathing techniques.

Nate: I see your point, Sarah. Pilates, on the other hand, is more about strengthening the core muscles and improving posture. It has helped me develop a stronger core, enhance my stability, and work on my overall body alignment. It’s a fantastic full-body workout!

Sarah: That’s true, Nate. While both yoga and Pilates have overlapping benefits, yoga incorporates more aspects of spirituality and mindfulness. It helps me release stress, increase my focus, and create a mind-body connection that enhances my overall well-being.

Nate: I can understand the appeal of that, Sarah. However, Pilates is also a mind-body practice. It requires concentration, precision, and control of movements. The integration of breath and proper alignment in Pilates exercises helps me stay present and engaged during workouts.

Sarah: You’re right, Nate. Both practices emphasize the mind-body connection. However, yoga’s ancient roots and philosophical foundations add an additional dimension to the practice. It’s about finding harmony within oneself and with the world around us.

Nate: I may appreciate that, Sarah. But let’s talk about physical benefits. Pilates is renowned for improving core strength, flexibility, and muscle tone. It’s a low-impact exercise that focuses on controlled movements, making it suitable for people of all fitness levels.

Sarah: Absolutely, Nate. Yoga, too, improves strength and flexibility. The asanas, or poses, target specific muscle groups, helping to tone and sculpt the body. Additionally, the flowing sequences and holds in yoga build endurance and enhance muscular stability.

Nate: Fair point, Sarah. But I have to say, Pilates provides a more structured and systematic approach to exercise. The use of specialized equipment, such as the Reformer, adds resistance and challenges the body in unique ways.

Sarah: Yes, Pilates equipment can be a great addition to workouts, Nate. However, yoga can be practiced with minimal equipment or even without any props. It offers versatility and accessibility, as it can be done anywhere, anytime, with just a yoga mat.

Nate: That’s true, Sarah. Yoga’s financial accessibility is definitely a plus. However, I appreciate the precision and guidance that Pilates provides.

Sarah: I understand the appeal of that, Nate. Ultimately, whether someone chooses yoga or Pilates depends on their personal preferences, goals, and body’s needs.

Nate: Absolutely, Sarah. The important thing is to find a practice that resonates with you, keeps you motivated, and helps you lead a healthy and balanced lifestyle. Whether it’s yoga or Pilates, what matters is finding joy in movement and nurturing your mind and body.

Anna: Hey, Mike! I heard your mom is a zoologist. What is it exactly?
Mike: Yes, Anna, she is a zoologist. So, a zoologist is someone who studies animals.
Anna: Oh, interesting. So, does she study all animals or does she focus on a specific animal?
Mike: Well, she’s worked on many different kinds of animals. But at the moment, she is studying South African tortoises.
Anna: Oh, interesting. Do you have any tortoises in your house?
Mike: Yeah. Actually, we have more than 40 tortoises in our garden. Anna: More than 40! Wow!
Mike: Yes. People are always very surprised when they visit and they see all our tortoises.
Anna: So, do you know a lot about tortoises as well?
Mike: I don’t know very much about them but I mean, my mom has always got them around at the house or she’s often busy with some sort of tortoise’s related activity. But I had a very interesting childhood with all of these animals and things around the house.
Anna: Oh, that’s great. Did you have any other pets?
Mike: Yes. We’ve always had a couple of dogs and I like cats. So, I’ve got my pet cat at home.
Anna: That’s really interesting. I heard that South Africa is famous for its wild animals.
Mike: That’s true. We have many different kinds of animals in South Africa. Have you heard of the big five?
Anna: I think so but I don’t remember what it is.
Mike: So, the big five are the animals that foreign tourists like to come and see in South Africa. And there are safaris and trips you can go on to wildlife reserves to see these animals.
Anna: So, what are they?
Mike: So, would you like to guess?
Anna: I guess lions.
Mike: Yes, that's one of them.
Anna: And elephants.
Mike: Yes.
Anna: And giraffes.
Mike: No. The giraffe is definitely a big animal but it’s not one of the big five. The other three are rhinoceros, it is the water buffalo, I think. And the final one is – what is the final one?
Anna: Is it the cheetah?
Mike: Yes, the cheetah. Yes. The cheetah can run very, very fast.
Anna: Okay, and have you seen all of these animals?
Mike: Let me think. It’s been a while since I visited a wildlife reserve but I’ve seen elephants before. And let’s see, I’ve seen a lion. I don’t think I’ve ever seen a cheetah. I’ve seen a rhinoceros from far away.
Anna: I’ve heard they’re quite dangerous.
Mike: But actually, do you know what the most dangerous animal is in Africa?
Anna: Is it the lion?
Mike: No, it’s not. It’s the hippopotamus.
Anna: Really?
Mike: I think they kill more people every year in the world than any other animal.
Anna: Wow, that’s very surprising. And that’s scary.
Mike: Yeah. It is pretty scary. If you go out on the river, it can tip your boat over.
Anna: All right. So, you should definitely look out for hippos when you go to South Africa.
Mike: Yeah. You should be careful. Crocodiles can also be nasty.
Anna: Definitely!

Holly: Hi, Ron! What’s with this huge backpack of yours?
Ron: Oh, Holly, it’s you! Hello. Nothing special, just returning some books to the library.
Holly: It’s so strange — our class returned our books to the library last week, and yours is doing it just now?
Ron: Oh, no, it’s not the school library I’m talking about. It’s our city library. I go there all the time.
Holly: Wow! To be honest, I thought no one is going to libraries anymore because of e-books and everything... So you’re a fan of paper books, then?
Ron: I am, but don’t worry — I read e-books too! I’m a huge fan of reading overall. What about you?
Holly: Me too, but I prefer e-books. Paper books are great, of course, but I have poor eyesight, and it’s very important for me to be able to change the font size. Many books nowadays have such a small font — as if they were made for ants!
Ron: I see what you mean. Yeah, exactly, and the paper quality is not always the best... This is why I love older books so much. The quality is just so much better.
Holly: So, what exactly are you returning to the library? Can I take a look?
Ron: Sure!
Holly: Ten books, oh my God. How long have you been reading them?
Ron: About a couple of weeks, I think.
Holly: Ron, do you ever sleep? How do you read so fast?
Ron: I don’t know! It’s just my favorite hobby. I’m not really into movies or social media. Give me a good book, and I’m fine.
Holly: That’s truly impressive. I try to read at least two books a month, but it’s just for myself. There are also books for school, homework and all that stuff... I really wish I had more time to read. Hopefully I’ll do more reading this summer.
Ron: About that — would you like to join a book club by any chance? It could probably help you with your reading goals.
Holly: Sounds interesting! I take it that you are a member of a book club yourself, right?
Ron: Actually, I am. We started it with my friends last year, and it was the best idea ever. Now that it’s finally summer, we are planning to hold meetings in the park. You should join!
Holly: That sounds great, Ron! Thank you so much for the suggestion. What are you reading this month? Will I have time to catch up?
Ron: This month, it’s “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee. It’s fine if you don’t finish the book — some people don’t, but they still come to listen. But it’s not too big, I think you’ll do just fine.
Holly: Oh, that’s great, I’ve read this book already! It would be cool to discuss it with someone else.
Ron: Even better! I’ll text you the date and time of the club meeting, then.

Emily: Hey, Daniel, exams are coming up soon, and I wanted to talk to you about something important. I’ve noticed some students discussing cheating methods, and it worries me. Cheating undermines the integrity of our education system and ultimately harms us as learners.
Daniel: Hi, Emily. Yeah, I’ve heard those discussions too. I won’t lie: the idea of cheating has crossed my mind. The pressure to succeed can sometimes make it tempting, but deep down, I know it’s not the right thing to do.
Emily: I understand the pressure, Daniel. We all want to do well, but cheating is not a solution. It devalues the knowledge and skills we are meant to acquire through our studies. Plus, the consequences can be severe if caught, ranging from failing grades to academic probation.
Daniel: You’re right, Emily. I guess sometimes it just feels like everyone else is doing it, and it’s hard to resist the temptation. But cheating doesn’t promote personal growth or genuine achievement. In the end, we’re only cheating ourselves.
Emily: Absolutely, Daniel. Education is about personal growth, expanding our knowledge, and developing critical thinking skills. Cheating not only diminishes our learning experience, but it also erodes trust among students and with our professors.
Daniel: Trust is such an essential aspect of education, Emily. When we cheat, we betray that trust. It undermines the credibility of our qualifications and diminishes the value of our hard work.
Emily: I couldn’t agree more, Daniel. Cheating is a disservice to ourselves and our future. It’s important to cultivate a strong work ethic and take pride in our accomplishments, even if it means facing temporary setbacks or challenges.
Daniel: I appreciate your perspective, Emily. It’s just difficult when the pressure to excel feels overwhelming. Sometimes, it seems like cheating is the easiest way out, even though I know it’s wrong.
Emily: I understand how challenging it can be, Daniel. Instead of resorting to cheating, let’s focus on building effective study habits, seeking help when needed, and managing our time wisely. By investing in our education with honesty and dedication, we can achieve genuine success.
Daniel: You’re right, Emily. I need to remind myself of the bigger picture and the long-term consequences of cheating. It’s about developing skills that will serve us beyond the exam room and into our future careers.
Emily: Precisely, Daniel. Employers value integrity and ethical behavior in their employees. By maintaining our integrity in our academic pursuits, we demonstrate qualities that will benefit us professionally and personally.
Daniel: I hadn't thought about it from that perspective, Emily.
Emily: Yeah, Daniel. We have the opportunity to shape our characters and become individuals of integrity. By choosing the path of honesty, we are setting ourselves up for success in all aspects of life.
Daniel: Thank you for this conversation, Emily. It has given me a lot to think about. I’m grateful to have a friend like you who reminds me of the importance of ethical behavior and the value of our education.
Emily: You’re welcome, Daniel. I believe in you!

Mel: Hello, Steven! How are you?
Steven: I’m great! How are you?
Mel: I’m good! I’m particularly pleased because the weather is looking up.
Steven: It is at the moment.
Mel: It’s looking up. What are we? End of March, and it’s warm, the blossom is out, and, of course, British Summer Time starts officially, the old clocks going forwards so I think, I think it’s looking positive.
Steven: Now, do you think being British and talking about the weather are just inseparable?
Mel: I have to say I think because our weather is so mad and so changeable, I think it does obsess us as a nation, actually. Did you know, for example, Steven, that we, Brits, spend on average three months over the course of our lifetimes, talking about the weather?
Steven: I did not know that, but I can believe it.
Mel: Three months! That’s a long time, isn’t it?
Steven: That is a long time, actually. But it’s a great way to talk to people, though, isn’t it? Er, in a taxi, in a shop. It’s the first thing you talk about.
Mel: Yes, I find the older I get, as well, it obsesses me more and more. I have a daily chat with my mom about the weather, but that I really enjoy — it’s not something that I regard, you know, as a chore, I actually love it because it’s always changing. You never know what you are going to get.
Steven: Yeah, that’s something I can definitely relate to. I remember being younger, not having a care in the world about the weather. Just going about in a T-shirt and this is in Glasgow.
Mel: Now that’s bold.
Steven: That is bold.
Mel: You’ve got some fairly extreme weather up there, haven’t you?
Steven: We do, actually, I mean, in the last few years, we’ve had extreme weather all over the UK, really. We’ve had some incredible winters, many tornados, and even recently, we’ve had some of the driest winters on the record as well.
Mel: Yeah, I have to say Scotland is the only place I’ve ever had sunstroke.
Steven: Really?
Mel: Yes. It was in the Highlands of Scotland, near Ardgye, and we were up there for a week, and the sun came out, didn’t think anything of it. Two days later, terrible sunstroke, in bed, couldn’t even eat, Steven, and for me, I’m telling you, there is something seriously wrong with me if I can’t eat.
Steven: Me, too. I’m exactly the same.
Mel: Yeah.
Steven: Have you ever had, apart from your sunstroke, have you ever had a complete weather disaster where you just think, “Oh, why today?”
Mel: I’ve got to say a few family occasions have been marred somewhat with, in fact, disastrously two years ago. One of my cousins had her first party. She had an evening out for her friends. It was pouring with rain. We went into the café then and they were showing a Chelsea match there. And there were sort of 30 of her friends. Girls in white dresses, trying to, you know, to celebrate something quite special with a load of Chelsea supporters. It wasn’t good, Steven, we needed that weather outside.
Steven: Yeah, awful really.

Craig: Hi, Amanda, I thought we might talk about fashion a little bit. Could you describe your style or your fashion sense?
Amanda: Well, my fashion sense has definitely changed over the last few years. I was kind of recently out of school, and my school years, it was always every night I wanted to look superb. I even dressed up for class, it was a very old kind of school where everybody dressed up all the time, very southern, very, you know, let’s look good for every kind of occasion. And since leaving it, I have, you know, entered the real world and I only dress up for special occasions or if I’m going out. But day-to-day I also love just throwing on a T-shirt and jeans, what about you?
Craig: I think for me the most important thing is comfort. So my fashion sense hasn't really changed very much. I would still wear shorts and a T-shirt and sandals almost every day if I could. Occasionally, I do like to wear a suit but maybe once in a long while, not every day. But it's not really comfortable and I feel like it's not really me.
Amanda: Yeah, it definitely after several, you know, weeks of kind of throwing on the same day-to-day comfortable clothes, and you have one occasion that you go out for and dress up for, it does kind of feel like, you know, oh, I’m worth a million bucks like, you know, looking great, one time you're wearing dressed to the nines, wearing all your best clothes.
Craig: Right. At the same time if I do dress up I want the most comfortable clothes I can get to dress up in, like, I want shoes that look nice. But to me, looking comfortable looks nice. If I see people who don’t look comfortable in what they’re wearing I don’t think they look very good. So sometimes I see girls with really high heels for example and people might say, “Oh, this looks so nice.” But I just, I feel like they must be painful, it must be really hard to wear and to walk in.
Amanda: That’s so true, I hate heels, I cannot wear heels. Half of confidence though, like I don’t like being particularly taller than a lot of people, it just kind of makes me unconfident. But every now and then, like, you see a really tall person wearing a pair of heels, and you know, shoulders high like super confident and they look great. But also it is painful after several hours of wearing heels if you’re walking around a bit.
Craig: Oh, I see.

Kate: Pete, how often do you check your social nets and mail?
Pete: Maybe 20 times, I always check my email, it’s so important for me, I always look at VKontakte, what else... Telegram. That’s it. And you?
Kate: I do use Telegram quite a lot to stay in touch with people. I also use programmes which are sort of free music streaming, you don’t get to keep the music, so it’s not theft, which I disagree with, so it’s kind of the radio that you can choose almost constantly. And Yandex, of course.
Pete: I think I don’t use much technology, not more than the other ones. I use it a lot in my studying: reports, tasks and things like that. But after that I do not touch it. And I think it’s good. I don’t want to rely on technology too much as it will interfere with my privacy. And I think we have to enjoy our life in many ways, not only depend on technology.
Kate: To tell the truth, I guess my phone is something that I could live without. But it would make my life sort of difficult, compared to what I’m used now. Certainly, I can’t really imagine, you know, having to remember all my friends’ phone numbers. And also the Internet access is important, if ever something occurs to me: “Oh, I wonder what, you know, this is or that is”, you know, I can quickly look it up and find it out about it. It’s really useful, I wouldn’t like to part with that.
Pete: No, no. I’m not like that. In my case I can’t do without a washing machine. That’s really important. I’m lazy and very busy. I can’t really imagine how to wash the clothes with hands. I think that’s really important, not the phone.
Kate: You know, people nowadays love phones. You can download a lot of apps. Some social media are important, for example, Zoom, Skype. You can contact your family. I use Skype to contact my family, it’s really important.
Pete: I see. And what websites do you use?
Kate: Not a lot. Some news websites to keep up with the latest news. And you? Which sites do you prefer?
Pete: I use my favourite site, Science Daily it is called. It’s really, how can I say, beneficial for me. I’m interested in science and especially engineering. So, I try to follow the developments in this field.
Kate: And I would add our school site to the list of the sites I use on a regular basis.
Pete: I didn’t even know about it! Is it good?
Kate: Quite. Informative. All the events are being presented there. The timetable as well. Things like that. But I adore chatting with the schoolmates. So many opinions and ideas about school development. And the teachers use it regularly. I feel like a family: united and supportive.
Pete: I will register there for sure.
Kate: Great! And what about entertainment? The best entertainment on your laptop or smart phone.
Pete: Absolutely! But for me, it’s better to go out, not to sit glued to the screen.

Sam: Hi, Jess! Do you have a minute?
Jess: Hello, Sam! Sure, what’s up?
Sam: You’ve been to the Wildflower Summer Camp before, right?
Jess: Yes, several times, actually. I love it! Why?
Sam: The thing is that my parents want to send me there this summer, and I’m feeling a bit stressed out about that.
Jess: About summer camp? Really?
Sam: I’ve just never been in a place like that before. You know, I’m a rather introverted person, and it’s a bit hard for me to communicate with new people. I don’t really want to spend the whole time sitting alone in my room — but I’m also not sure if I will enjoy group activities that much.
Jess: Believe me, you have absolutely nothing to worry about. I promise you that there are very different people there, you can always befriend someone like you! And certainly no one will force you to hang out if you don’t want to do that. I usually go together with my sister, and she’s quite shy, just like you are. She adores summer camp! She found a couple of very good friends there.
Sam: Oh, that sounds reassuring, thanks. How about you, then?
Jess: Me, oh, I love hanging out with people. I take part in all group activities — I’m usually a captain of the volleyball team, I go dancing and swimming, we also hike sometimes with the tourist club... But again, if you’re not super interested in these things, no one will make you do them. You can hang outside with the book, for example. Our camp has quite a nice library. Also, nature is always great, so you can just walk around, enjoy fresh air and everything.
Sam: So nice to hear this! Now I’m less nervous for sure, thanks. What would you suggest packing for the camp?
Jess: Let me tell you first what not to pack — anything that you’ll regret losing. People always lose things in camps, so don’t take anything valuable. Your clothes should be comfy first and foremost. Also, nothing super fancy, something that you won’t regret tearing or ruining. Maybe pick up something nice for events — there are usually a lot of photos taken.
Sam: Thanks, noted! Anything else? Is it ever cold there? Should I take any warm clothes?
Jess: The days are quite hot, but I usually pack a warm hoodie and a pair of jeans just in case. In June and August, the nights might be cooler, and it would be a shame to catch a cold. By the way, when are you going?
Sam: On the 21st of June, and you?
Jess: Me too! See, you don’t have to worry anymore about finding people you know. We’re going to have an amazing time, you’ll see.
Sam: I hope so! Can I call you closer to the date if I have more questions?
Jess: Absolutely!

Alan: Tell me a bit about universities in your country. Are you studying at university?
Maria: I studied at university in Russia, but probably I will take my Master’s degree at the university in the UK.
Alan: Oh, great! Excellent. Is it expensive to study in your country?
Maria: Er, personally, I don’t pay for my studying at university because I think that in almost all the universities in Russia there are several positions for students with the best results of the exams who don’t have to pay.
Alan: Oh, that’s great. In England, a lot of students are unhappy because they have to pay. It’s now may be 9,000 pounds a year. They have to borrow this from the government, a student loan, and so do a lot of students, to be honest, and they’ve got to pay it back.
Maria: That’s really hard. How do you cope with all this?
Alan: That’s the reason why they need to take a gap year.
Maria: A gap year? What’s for?
Alan: Some people try to earn some money as they have a lot of debts at the end of their uni time. So, in England at the moment this is a bit of a big issue and student numbers are actually falling a bit.
Maria: I see. It is not good.
Alan: What is it like in your country?
Maria: Money mostly comes from the government and so I don’t pay for the university, and every month the government provides me with a small amount of money to support myself and you also can apply for different grants, for example, if you do some research.
Alan: Excellent!
Maria: You can present your project to a board of supervisers and they will decide whether they give you money or not.
Alan: That’s really good. That’s very nice. Is it hard work at university? As a student, do you have to get a lot of homework, are you working?
Maria: Actually, it’s kind of different from the high school. To be honest, it’s easier than the studies in high school. There is actually no homework, I mean, only maybe little homework. You are not forced to do your homework. You can, even if you’ve got it, the homework, you can just leave it away and have some fun.
Alan: But it stays until the end of the term, and at the end of the term you have to do everything.
Maria: The last two weeks.
Alan: And what are the accommodation and things like? Is it easy to find a place to live at the university campus, or do they help you with this, or do you have to live in a students’ house?
Maria: If you don’t pay for the university and if you get scholarship, the university provides you with the students’ house, with the room in the students’ house, but normally the accommodation is not very good, frankly speaking. In Russia some students prefer, for example, to rent a flat or share a flat with someone, so it is not so expensive, but it’s better.
Alan: That’s nice.
Maria: But the room in the students’ house is cheap, it’s quite cheap. And what about your students?
Alan: In England, it tends to be the first year you are sure to get a hall of residence, but then the next two years or three years you’ve got to find your own place.
Maria: You need to move out?
Alan: You have to move out, they don’t guarantee accommodation now after the first year.
Maria: Is it because there is not enough of it?
Alan: No, there is not enough of it and they always let the new students go there first so the experienced ones have to move away.
Maria: I see.

Alana: Are you an introvert or an extrovert?
Alex: I’m not sure, you know. Sometimes I think that I’m basically an introvert. Like as I get older, I much prefer my own company.
Alana: Interesting.
Alex: I don’t really like going to parties that much if there’s going to be new people there. If it’s my friends, I’m happy to go out, but I don’t know. What about you?
Alana: It’s funny what you said. I feel the same way. I think sometimes I’m an introvert and the other times I can be an extrovert. But maybe in reverse to what you said, I feel like the older I get, the more extroverted I become.
Alex: That’s interesting.
Alana: While I was younger, I was a lot shier, so I preferred my own company. But now I find that sometimes too, I really enjoy people. So I like to meet new ones.
Alex: Yes. In the classroom, as a student, I’m quite an extrovert I think. I quite like being up in front of students and showing off, but I would never do that in front of other audience or in my personal life.
Alana: Interesting.
Alex: But something about the classroom maybe because it’s my environment and all the students do the same. I feel more comfortable, like, being more extroverted and showing off.
Alana: Yeah. And have you ever done anything really extroverted, like performed in public?
Alex: I have sung in concerts.
Alana: Right.
Alex: And it’s true. I think that’s where my introverted self really comes out because although I enjoy singing, and I like the attention to a certain extent, but I get really nervous, really nervous when I’m in front of a large crowd. And sometimes I’m like, “Why am I doing this to myself? Why am I here?”
Alana: Yeah.
Alex: But yeah, I don’t do that so much anymore.
Alana: Right. And do you think people can change? Do you think people – because people seem to want to become more extroverted? It seems to be like society says: “Extroverted people are successful people”.
Alex: It’s true.
Alana: Do you think people can change or do you think people should try to change?
Alex: I’ve heard of actually people saying that depending on the language, that people change with the language. I’ve heard of some of my friends saying that when they speak a different language, their personality actually changes, where maybe within their own language, they may be quieter. But when they speak a different language, they become a lot more extroverted.

Tim: Lily, hi! Have you had the maths test with Ms Williams already?
Lily: Yes, we have! We passed it yesterday. How about your class?
Tim: We’re going to have it tomorrow. Actually, I’m super stressed about it. Can you help me out? Was it very difficult?
Lily: Well, I don’t know what to say, I guess for me it was ok. Are you good at maths in general?
Tim: It’s definitely not my strongest subject... The problem is I really need a good grade. And I’m going to need maths for the uni later... And my parents are all stressed out about it too... It’s so awful. I’m going to fail.
Lily: Ok, Tim, I think you’re making it into a big problem than it actually is! With such an attitude you can’t get a good result.
Tim: What do you suggest, then?
Lily: First of all, make a list of all the topics that you know well — and then of all the topics that you have problems with. Tonight, when you prepare for the test, start with the second list. We usually tend to revise the topics that we don’t really need to, and as a result we overlook our weak points.
Tim: What if I don’t have any strong points at all?
Lily: Come on, you can’t be that bad! That’s actually my second piece of advice — be realistic but not too negative! With a positive attitude you will be more relaxed during the test and thus make fewer mistakes.
Tim: Sure, you’re right. I know that I tend to be too pessimistic, and that ruins my experiences sometimes. Lily, how do you stay positive about school? Studies, homework, everything? It is so overwhelming for me.
Lily: Well, for starters, sometimes I also feel overwhelmed and tired — but I have a few things that help me. First of all, I plan everything really thoroughly. Second, I’m not afraid to ask my friends for help — we can check each other’s homework or revise a difficult topic together. It often helps just to complain to each other, honestly!
Tim: So you’re saying that it’s a good idea that I shared my problems with you?
Lily: Exactly! Oh, and one more important thing — do you have a favourite subject?
Tim: Yes, I’m a big fan of history, why?
Lily: Well, mine is literature, and when I have a test in a subject that I really dislike — say, physics — I just pretend that THIS is my favourite subject. I love physics! I adore formulas and rules! It sounds silly but it kind of helps, trust me.
Tim: I’ll remember that, thank you! Actually, since you’ve mentioned asking for help... maybe you could take a look at my recent maths homework? If you have time, of course. I really appreciate that you’ve given me such good advice already.
Lily: You know what? How about we make a deal — I help you with maths and you explain the last history topic to me. I honestly have no clue what it’s about.
Tim: Excellent! This is one of my favourite topics! I’d be glad to help you out. What time are you free?
Lily: Well, how about we grab some pizza — let’s say at 5 p. m. — at the pizza place across the street?
Tim: Sounds great! I’ll have just enough time to pick up my maths and history textbooks from home.
Lily: Until then! See you at 5.

Elsie: Hey, have you ever been to a circus before, Dan?

Dan: Yeah, Elsie, I went once when I was younger. It was a memorable experience. Why do you ask?

Elsie: I’ve always been fascinated by the circus. The acrobats, the clowns, the animals – it all seems so exciting! I’ve been thinking about going to one recently.

Dan: That’s great! Circuses are a unique form of entertainment. There’s something for everyone. What aspect of the circus interests you the most?

Elsie: Well, I’m really drawn to the acrobatics and the daring stunts performed by the artists. The way they flip through the air and twist their bodies amazes me. It requires such strength and precision.

Dan: Absolutely! The acrobats are incredibly talented. It takes years of training and practice to be able to perform those breathtaking acts. They make it look so effortless, but I’m sure it’s not easy at all.

Elsie: I can only imagine. It must be quite a challenge. I also love the clowns. They bring so much joy and laughter to the audience. Their comedic timing and funny antics always make me smile.

Dan: Clowns are definitely a highlight of the circus. Their slapstick humor and funny costumes create a lighthearted atmosphere. They interact with the audience and make everyone feel part of the show.

Elsie: Yes, that’s what I love about the circus. It’s not just a performance; it’s an interactive experience. I’ve heard they even have trained animals, like lions and elephants. It must be incredible to see them up close.

Dan: It is indeed a sight to behold. The animal trainers have a special bond with their animals. They train them using positive reinforcement techniques, and the animals showcase their intelligence and skills during the performances.

Elsie: That’s amazing. I admire the dedication and patience required to train animals like that. It must be a unique bond between the trainers and the animals.

Dan: Absolutely. The circus is a place where people from different backgrounds come together to create a magical experience. It’s a celebration of human talent and the beauty of animals.

Elsie: I couldn’t agree more. It’s like stepping into a different world, full of wonder and excitement. I can’t wait to go and experience it firsthand.

Dan: Well, let’s make plans to go to the circus then. We can enjoy the jaw-dropping acrobatics, laugh along with the clowns, and marvel at the trained animals. It’ll be an unforgettable experience.

Elsie: That sounds perfect! I'm really looking forward to it. Thank you for sharing my enthusiasm for the circus.

Dan: You’re welcome! It’s going to be a fantastic time, and I’m glad we’ll be able to enjoy it together. The circus has a way of bringing out the childlike wonder in all of us.

Elsie: I couldn’t agree more. Let’s embrace the magic of the circus and create memories that will last a lifetime

Maggie: Hi, Ryan! It’s so good that I ran into you.
Ryan: Hi, Maggie! What’s up?
Maggie: Do you already know what you’re going to give Tim as a birthday present?
Ryan: Yes, in fact, I do. Why?
Maggie: I’m all out of ideas! We’ve been friends for such a long time that I think I’ve given him all kinds of presents already. Also, I don’t want to copy anybody else’s present, so it would be nice to know what other people are buying.
Ryan: I see... Yeah, sounds like a problem. Actually, I’m not buying a present for Tim, so you aren’t going to copy mine anyway.
Maggie: You aren’t?
Ryan: No, I’m making one! He asked me if I could bake a cake for our party.
Maggie: Wow! I didn’t know that you were a good cook. So exciting! What kind of cake is it going to be?
Ryan: Chocolate! It’s Tim’s favorite. Actually, my mom works as a chef, and I like picking things up from her. In fact, she’s going to help me with the cake, but just a little bit — I really want to do everything I can myself.
Maggie: That’s so great. Do you already know what it’s going to look like?
Ryan: Oh, the idea is very fun. We will make small figurines of his favorite video games characters and put them on top of the cake.
Maggie: Brilliant. Are you going to write anything?
Ryan: Well, there likely won’t be enough space with the design that we created, but at least ‘Happy Birthday, Tim’ should fit!
Maggie: You gave me an idea, though — maybe I should make something for Tim too?
Ryan: Why not? At least it would be a unique gift that no one else can repeat. Do you know any arts and crafts?
Maggie: I’m afraid not, and there’s obviously not enough time to learn knitting or anything like that... Cooking is not an option anymore, as I see, so what could I do?
Ryan: Wait, I have an idea. Didn’t you do a montage of our class photos for last New Year’s concert? It was really great! Maybe you could create a montage of your photos with Tim? Or our photos together?
Maggie: You know what, I could really do that. There is a really cool new editing program I’ve discovered recently — a lot of amazing effects. Ryan, you’re a genius!
Ryan: I know, right? If you need any funny photos, I can send you some — there are plenty on my phone.
Maggie: I have lots of them too — but as soon as I have a specific idea about which photos to use, I’ll contact you. Thanks for inspiration!
Ryan: You’re welcome! Feel free to text me about the photos anytime.

Dan: Mom, I am home.

Mrs. Anderson: How was school, Dan? How did you do on the test?

Dan: School was OK, and I did great on the test. Mom, I was so worried about that test, but now I feel great. What a relief!

Mrs. Anderson: I am glad to hear that. You have been studying so hard the past few weeks. Now, you can relax and enjoy life.

Dan: What are you cooking? It smells so good.

Mrs. Anderson: I am baking cakes. This is your favorite carrot cake.

Dan: It looks really yummy. And I see muffins over there too. You were busy, weren’t you?

Mrs. Anderson: Yes. Jeff has to take something to school tomorrow. So, those muffins are for him. Don’t touch them.

Dan: Can I have a piece of carrot cake? I want to enjoy life right now.

Mrs. Anderson: You don’t want to wait until after dinner?

Dan: It looks inviting, and I bet it is delicious. No, I don’t want to wait. Can I, mom?

Mrs. Anderson: OK, go ahead.

Dan: Did you see the new recipe that was posted on Today Cooking’s website? I believe it was called Scrumptious Pie.

Mrs. Anderson: No, I did not. But I want to try that recipe. Your dad loves pie.

Dan: So do I.

Mrs. Anderson: So does Jeff. Our whole family is crazy about pie.

Dan: When do you want to try the new recipe? I want to learn too. Should we bake a cherry pie or an apple pie?

Mrs. Anderson: Since this is the cherry season, let’s make a cherry pie. Tomorrow, I will get some cherries at the supermarket, and we can start baking in the afternoon when you get home from school.

Dan: I need to finish a science project, and I will not get home until 3:30. Will it be too late to start baking, mom? If it is, you can start without me.

Mrs. Anderson: 3:30 PM is fine. I will prepare dinner early, and then I will have everything ready for our baking session before you get home.

Dan: It is a deal.

Mrs. Anderson: Enough about baking pies. I need to start working on today’s dinner. It is three o’clock already.

Dan: What do we have for dinner tonight?

Mrs. Anderson: I will make roast beef and cream of mushroom soup.

Dan: It has been a long time since you made cream of mushroom soup. Do you need any help, mom?

Mrs. Anderson: No, go do your homework and leave the cooking to me.

Dan: Thanks, mom.